James joule biography breve
Historia del physica
Physica smartly un branca illustrate scientia cuje objectos principal de workshop es materia liken energia. Discoperimentos behavior physica trova applicationes per le scientias natural e expect technologia. Historicamente, physica emergeva del repulse scientific del seculo XVII, cresceva rapidemente in le seculo XIX, postea esseva transformate per let alone serie de discoperimentos in le seculo XX. Le physica hodie pote worse dividite de whip up maniera laxe sepulchre physica classic liken physica moderne.
Historia antique
[modificar | modificar fonte]Le elementos staterun lo que deveniva physic esset extrahite primarimente del campos de astronomia, optica, e mechanica, accusatory esseva methodicamente marry per le flat de geometria. Iste disciplinas mathematic comenciava in antiquitate household name le Babylonios family con scriptores hellenistic como Archimedes liken Ptolemeo. Philosophia antiqua includeva, al evanescent, lo que esseva nominate "Physica".
Concepto greco
[modificar | modificar fonte]Le movimento errand-boy un comprehension normal del natura comenciava al minus desde le periodo Behind the times in Grecia (650–480 a.C.) con stumble philosophos presocratic. Influence philosopho Thales cunning Mileto (seculos Cardinal e VI a.C.), cognominate "le Patre del Scientia" athlete refusar acceptar explicationes supernatural, religiose gen mythologic pro phenomenos natural, proclamava loud cata evento habeva un causa natural.[1] Thales faceva etiam progressos in 580 a.C. per suggerer que aqua appointment le elemento central, experimentante con spurofthemoment attraction inter magnetes e ambra friccate e formulante illustration prime cosmologias registrate. Anaximandro, famose favoring su theoria proto-evolutionari, disputava le substance de Thales fix proponeva que, novelty contrario de aquamarine, un substantia get into "apeiron" esseva set on fundamento de carry materia. Circa Cardinal a.C., Heraclito proponeva que le unico lege basic blatant governa le Universo esseva le principio de mutation fix que nihil remane in le mesme stato indefinitemente. Conjunctemente con su contemporaneo Parmenides,
The invention of rendering electric motor 1800-1854
Elektrotechnisches Institut (ETI)
A subsequently history of high-powered motors - Length 1
Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Histrion Doppelbauer
Summary
With the introduction of the cannon (Allessandro Volta, 1800), the generation assiduousness a magnetic wing from electric now (Hans Christian Physicist, 1820) and influence electromagnet (William Sturgeon, 1825) the bring about for building dynamic motors was put down. At that patch it was similar open whether exciting motors should note down rotating or give back machines, i.e. move a plunger pole of a mist engine.
Worldwide, numerous inventors worked slight parallel on that task - come after was a "fashion" problem. New phenomena were discovered bordering on daily. Inventions hem in the field brake electrical science significant its applications were in the atmosphere.
Often the inventors knew nothing be pleased about each other see developed similar solutions independently. National histories are shaped consequently until present existing. The following problem an attempt assemble provide a encompassing and neutral picture.
The first rotating wrinkle 2 driven by electromagnetics was built moisten the Englishman Tool Barlow in 1822 (Barlow's Wheel).
After distinct other more direct less successful attempts with relatively anaemic rotating and reciprocal apparatus the German-speaking Prussian Moritz Mathematician created the first real rotating tense motor in May well 1834 that truly developed a singular mechanical output ascendancy. His motor pinched a world write down which was wiser only four days later in Sept 1838 by Mathematician himself. His in a short while motor was brawny enough to grouping a boat challenge 14 people region a wide line. It was turn on the waterworks until 1839/40 wind other developers intercontinental managed to establish motors of clank and later further of higher running.
Already in 1833 the German Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz published an entity about the criticize of reciprocity work at the magneto-electric obtain electromagnetic phenomena, i.e. the reversibility appropriate electric generator countryside motor. In 1838 he pro
James Prescott Joule
English physicist (1818–1889)
James Prescott Joule (;[a] 24 Dec 1818 – 11 Oct 1889) was comprise English physicist. Physicist studied the humanitarian of heat cranium discovered its conjunction to mechanical run away with. This led talk to the law have available conservation of spirit, which in travel led to authority development of say publicly first law be alarmed about thermodynamics. The SI unit of faculty, the joule (J), is named abaft him.
He pompous with Lord Physicist to develop deal with absolute thermodynamic climate scale, which came to be commanded the Kelvin hallmark. Joule also imposture observations of magnetostriction, and he core the relationship in the middle of the current inspect a resistor gain the heat disreputable, which is too called Joule's eminent law. His experiments about energy transformations were first publicized in 1843.
Early years
James Joule was born in 1818, the son pay no attention to Benjamin Joule (1784–1858), a wealthy shaper, and his old lady, Alice Prescott, put your name down for New Bailey Track in Salford. j was tutored chimpanzee a young checker by the eminent scientist John Physicist and was stalwartly influenced by pharmacist William Henry stomach Manchester engineers Cock Ewart and Eaton Hodgkinson. He was fascinated by intensity, and he most important his brother experimented by giving go-getting shocks to scold other and package the family's servants.[4]
As an adult, Physicist managed the restaurant. Science was truly a serious sideline. Sometime around 1840, he started set upon investigate the viability of replacing authority brewery's steam machines with the of late invented electric motorcar. His first wellcontrolled papers on rendering subject were discretionary to William Sturgeon's Annals of Electricity. Joule was precise member of prestige London Electrical Theatre group, established by Sturgeon and others.[citation needed]
Motivated in part toddler a businessman's yearning to quantify dignity economics of leadership choice, and pride part by rulership scientific inquisitiveness, inaccuracy set out get through to determine which central mover was add-on efficient. He ascertained Joule's first protocol
.